BIO INSECTICIDE WITH NEEM EXTRACT

INTRODUCTION 

BACKGROUND AND MOTIVATION BUSINESS 1.LATAR 

1. Program entrepreneurial development proposers of this plan as a follow up of project work mentoring youth efforts in 2007. 
2. Menyikapi trend of organic agriculture regionally, nationally and globally 
3. Petani in general do not want the hassle to make their own pesticides, they wanted the product ready for use. 

• JUSTIFIKASI CHOICE BUSINESS OBJECTS 

Bio-active Components a.Kandungan 

Bio-active components of plant secondary metabolites, which form chemical compounds which can be either simple or complex. Plant secondary metabolites that are pestisidal form of compounds: alkaloids, phenols and flavonoids. 

According to Harborne (1973) group of phenol compounds hidroksinamat acid (ferulic acid, acid sinapat, kafeat acid and p-kumarat acid), have an important role in plant defense against disease. According to Work and Mary (1996), phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid and ferulic) are involved in plant defense mechanisms against insect pests and infectious diseases. 

Bioactive components that are pestisidal are included on: 

1. Plant neem (seed, leaves, bark), containing alkaloids: azadirachtin, salannin, nimbin, meliantriol, quertecin and disulfide compounds 
2. The skin of fruit and seed duku (Lansium domesticum), containing saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols. 

Bio-active Components b.Kemampuan Controlling Pests 

Alkaloids in plants can act synergistically neem as a killer substance, antifeedant, growth  regulators (who work in hormonal), prevent ovulation, fecundity and ripelen (repellent substances) and substances inhibiting the growth of pest organisms (pests). 

Bio-active components of neem potential as insecticides, the effective control of 200 species of insects, including the Brown Planthopper, locust, Colorado beetle, mosquito larva and parasitic nematodes (Shiva and Holla-Bhar, 1993). According to Hepburn (1989) can control insect pests, including the myths and nematodes. Insect pests are among the other 25 species of the order coleoptera, 10 species of the order Diptera, 25 species of the order Lepidoptera and nine species of the order Orthoptera. 

Efficacy of bio-active neem (azadirachtin and salannin pure) which is expressed in EC50 respectively at 0.29 and 72.0 ppm against pests of young larvae of Spodoptera litura (Kumar and Parmar, 1996). 

Use of botanical pesticides neem seeds with a dose of 6 grams per m2 can suppress populations of pest Plutella xylostella on cabbage at 38.72%, adan as a comparison of synthetic chemical pesticides (fenitrotion) able to suppress the population of Plutella xylostella in cabbage pest of 31.60% (Mujiono, et al., 1993). 

Bioactivity of pure azadirachtin and salannin expressed in EC50, each at 0.29 ppm and 72 ppm (Kumar and Parmar, 1996). Pure azadirachtin at 0.33 ppm showed bioactivity against Epilachna varivestis insect pests (Isman, et al., 1990). 

Bioactive components synergistically neem is extracted based on the polarity (method of Harborne, 1973), showed inhibition against pests Putella appetite xylostella at 18 hours after treatment with 40 ppm concentration of 80.76% and at 42 hours after treatment with 40 ppm concentration the inhibition of eating against pests test of 90.02% (Sapto Priyadi, 2000). 

Efficacy of neem leaf bioactive components on observations of the third day after treatment showed that the highest mortality of pest Thrips achieved by treatment of pure methanol without diluting the extract by 100%, while in the treatment of methanol - water (4: 1) by diluting the extract 30 times the level of mortality Thrips of 82.77% (Sapto Priyadi, 2003). ]

• TUJUAN ACTIVITY 

1. Mengembangkan efforts in youth entrepreneurship (agribusiness sub-sectors upstream) 
2. Meningkatkan expansion of production and marketing of products (organic pesticide) 
3. Pada turn to increase income youth members 

• BAHAN RAW 

Continuity of supply of raw materials is quite good, because: 

Sub Jumantono 

1. Di Sringin village there Karanganyar District with a population of neem plants ± 900 plants, aged 4 ± 400 plants and 3-year-old plants ± 300. 
2. Desa Sringin is built village of Tunas Development Faculty of Agriculture University which was pioneered by Ir. Sapto Priyadi, MP. 
3. Rata neem average every existing plant can produce 1 kg of dried leaves 
4. Pasokan raw material (neem leaves) per plant can be used to produce 10 liters of organic pesticides. 

• PRODUKSI and efficacy 

1. Produksi organic pesticides (no product label) 80 liters 
2. Produk organic pesticides are already sold 63 liters 
3. Produk organic pesticides are sold to local farmers begun produce organic pesticides (labeled) volume of 250 ml and is scheduled to be sold at a price cheaper than synthetic chemical pesticides 
4. Di side can compete with the price of synthetic chemical pesticides, product excellence can be seen in table advantage. 
5. Efikasi of pesticide products in an attempt to satisfy farmers' pest control / plant diseases. 
6. Untuk purposes of controlling pests of cereals in a single growing season required 25 liters per hectare. 

• Product Benefits 

Comparative Description BIO (Organic Pesticides) 

Toxic 

1. Toksisitas selective, has a high toxic nature of the power of pest organisms (pests). Low influence on natural enemies Low influence on other beneficial insects as well as low toxicity to birds, fish and mammals. 
2. Akumulasi in the human body is biologically not accumulate, because it can degrade in the body's metabolism and tersekresi 
3. Persistensi in nature in nature Persisitensi relatively short (3-7 days), because easily degraded by UV light 

Resistance to insect pests hapends possibility of resteance in pest organisme resulting from the use of organic products is smalls, namely the development of slow and unstable resistance.